Izimali zemindeni yaseBasque zibonisa iphethini ecacile: Ezweni Lase-Basque, imali eningi isetshenziswa ekuthengeni igilosa kunakulo lonke elaseSpain.Naphezu kokwenyuka okuvamile kwamanani okudla eminyakeni yamuva, ukusetshenziswa akugcini nje ukuzinza, kodwa kungaphezu kwesilinganiso sombuso.
Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva esemthethweni, Umuntu ngamunye Ezweni Lase-Basque uchitha isilinganiso sama-euro angu-2.067 ngonyaka ekudleni, okuyi- 15,7% ngaphezu kwesilinganiso sikazwelonkeLo mehluko awuwona umehluko omncane futhi uhambisana nokuziphatha okukhethekile kakhulu kokuthenga: imikhiqizo eminingi emisha neyisisekelo, neziphuzo ezinoshukela ezimbalwa, amanzi asemabhodleleni nokudla okuphekiwe.
Izindleko zokudla ngaphezu kwesilinganiso saseSpain
Incwadi yonyaka "Ukudla eSpain 2025" nguMercasa, ngokusekelwe kuphaneli yokusetshenziswa kwe Umnyango Wezolimo, Izinhlanzi Nokudla, iqinisekisa ukuthi Isilinganiso sezindleko zokudla ngomuntu ngamunye Ezweni laseBasque sifinyelela kuma-euro angama-2.067 ngonyaka.Lesi sibalo sibeka umphakathi ozibusayo phezulu ezingeni likahulumeni, okuqinisa umbono osabalele wokuthi ezweni lase-Basque kutshalwe imali eyengeziwe ekudleni kahle.
Ngaphakathi kwaleso sabelomali, Inyama yenza u-21,1% wayo yonke imali esetshenziswayo, okwenza kube umdlalo obaluleke kakhulu. Okulandelayo kuza i imikhiqizo yokudoba, ngo-12,9% yenkokhelo yomuntu ngamunye, i izithelo ezintsha, ezibalelwa ku-10,2%, the imifino, ngo-6,8%, futhi imikhiqizo yobisi, emele u-7,5%Ngamanye amazwi, ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yemali isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni emisha noma ecutshungulwe kancane.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso sombuso, Umehluko ovuna i-Basque Country ucacileUkusetshenziswa kwemali ngomuntu ngamunye kuphezulu ngo-15,7% futhi kugxilwe ikakhulukazi ku- ukudla okubhekwa njengokuyisisekelo ekudleni kwaseMedithera, into ehambisana nesiko le-gastronomic kanye nesiko lokupheka lesifunda.
Lokhu kusetshenziswa kwemali okunyukile akubonakali kwehliswa ukwehla kwamandla emali noma ukwenyuka kwamanani eminyakeni yamuva; Ukubaluleka kokwaba ingxenye enkulu yesabelomali somndeni ekudleni kusalokhu kugxilile. phakathi kwabantu baseBasque, abaqhubeka nokukhetha imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ngisho nasesimweni somnotho esiyinkimbinkimbi.
Imiphi imikhiqizo imindeni yaseBasque echitha kakhulu kuyo?
Ngale kwenani eliphelele lama-euro angama-2.067 umuntu ngamunye, Ukuhlukaniswa kwezindleko kubonisa ngokucacile okuthandwayo kokusetshenziswa Ezweni laseBasque. Umbiko we-Mercasa kanye nocwaningo lwaminyaka yonke Lokusetshenziswa Kokudla Komnyango luyavumelana: uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Spain yonke, izakhamuzi zase-Basque azizimisele kangako ukusebenzisa imali uma kuziwa ekugcwaliseni amaphenti azo ngemikhiqizo ethile.
Ukuthatha isilinganiso sikazwelonke njengesithenjwa, Ukusetshenziswa kwemali ngomuntu ngamunye kuphezulu kakhulu amaqanda (24,9% ngaphezulu), ubisi (23% ngaphezulu) y iwayini (okungeziwe okungu-37,2%). Kwengezwe kulokhu yi-a ukusetshenziswa kwemali okuphezulu ezinhlanzini (33,6%) futhi ku uwoyela (izindleko ezengeziwe ezingama-35,2%), kanye naku izithelo nemifino egayiwe (27,6%) futhi ku ushokoledi nokhokho (25,4%).
Leli phethini libonisa ukuthi, Ngenani labantu abafanayo, Ezweni lase-Basque imali eningi itshalwa ezintweni eziyisisekelo zokudla kwansuku zonke nakweminye imikhiqizo ye-value-added.Isisindo esikhulu sewayini, uwoyela, noma ushokoledi kanye nokhokho siphakamisa ukunambitheka kwemikhiqizo yekhwalithi ethile noma uhlamvu oluningi lwe-gastronomic, hhayi nje esebenzayo.
Empeleni, lokhu kuhumusha kube amarisidi okuthenga amakhudlwana, ikakhulukazi ezitolo ezinkulu, izitolo zokudla okukhethekile, nezimakethe zendabuko. Idatha iyakuqinisekisa lokho Akuyona nje inganekwane ukuthi e-Basque Country banakekela ngokukhethekile lokho abakubeka etafuleniUlwazi lwezibalo lusekela lo mbono ngomehluko ocacile uma uqhathaniswa nesilinganiso saseSpain.
Ukusebenzisa imali encane emanzini asemabhodleleni, iziphuzo ezibandayo nokudla okuphekiwe
Olunye uhlangothi lohlamvu lwemali lumelwe leyo mikhiqizo lapho, Naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwemali okuphezulu kakhulu ekudleni, Izwe LaseBasque lingaphansi kwesilinganiso sikazwelonke.Iziphuzo ezipakishiwe nokudla osekulungele ukudliwa kugqame kakhulu lapha.
Endabeni amanzi amaminerali, ukusetshenziswa kwemali ngomuntu ngamunye Amaphesenti angama-61,4 aphansi kunalawo aseSpain wonkanaUmehluko ogqama kakhulu kulo lonke uhlu. Okuncane kuphinde kusetshenziswe kukho Amajusi nama-nectar, angaphansi ngo-16,4%., futhi ngaphakathi ubhiya, lapho izindleko ziphansi ngo-23,8%. ngokwesilinganiso sombuso.
Enye indawo lapho imali esetshenziswa khona ezweni laseBasque iphansi yileyo... izitsha ezilungisiwe, nge Imali engaphansi ngo-13,9% ngomuntu ngamunye kunakulo lonke izwe. Kwenzeka okufanayo nge- iziphuzo ezibandayo kanye namasoda, okurekhodiwe a Ukusetshenziswa kwemali okungaphansi ngo-30,8%.Konke lokhu kukhomba ubhasikidi wokuthenga lapho Imikhiqizo elungele ukudliwa kanye neziphuzo ezinoshukela noma ezine-carbonated zinesisindo esincane kakhulu.
Lokhu kuba khona okuncane kusabelomali somndeni kungase kuhlotshaniswe nezici ezimbalwa: okuthandwa kakhulu ukupheka ekhayaLokhu kuhlanganisa isiko lokuphuza amanzi ampompi, ukusetshenziswa okusesilinganisweni kweziphuzo ezibandayo, kanye nokuqwashisa okukhulu ngezindaba zempilo nokondleka. Yize idatha ingachazi izimbangela, ikhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi amaphethini okusebenzisa isi-Basque ahlukile kwawezinye izifunda kulezi zindawo.
Kudliwa ini nokuthi kungakanani: ukusetshenziswa okuphakathi komuntu ngamunye
Ngaphandle kwemali, Umthamo womzimba wokudla neziphuzo eziphuzwa umuntu ngamunye Ezweni lase-Basque upenda iphrofayili ethile yezokudla.Idatha yakamuva evela kuphaneli yabathengi isivumela ukuthi sihumushe ama-euro abe ngamakhilogremu namalitha, sinikeze isithombe esinemininingwane ecacile yalokho okugcina kuplateji (noma engilazini) unyaka wonke.
Ngokwalezi zibalo, Umuntu ngamunye ezweni laseBasque udla cishe amaqanda ayi-178 ngonyaka., ngaphezu kwalokho 46,5 kg wenyama y 23,2 kilos of fishEmkhakheni wobisi, ukusetshenziswa kufinyelela 74,6 amalitha obisi y Amakhilogremu angama-34,6 wemikhiqizo yobisi, okwengezwa kuzo Amakhilogremu angu-35,5 esinkwa futhi eyodwa 11,3 amalitha amafutha ngekhanda ngalinye.
Mayelana nemikhiqizo esekwe esitshalweni, iphaneli ibika ukusetshenziswa kwendawo 54,6 kilos yemifino emisha y Amakhilogremu angama-93,4 esithelo esisha kumuntu ngamunye ngonyakaNgaphezu kwalokho, I-14,2 kilos yezitsha ezilungisiwekanye 20,1 amalitha amanzi asebhodleleni y 20,7 amalitha eziphuzo ezibandayo nezisoda. ukusetshenziswa kwe Ukusetshenziswa kukabhiya kumi ku-13,3 amalitha umuntu ngamunye ngonyaka, ngokucacile ngaphansi kokuvelela kweminye imikhiqizo.
Uma leyo volumu iqhathaniswa nesilinganiso sombuso, umbiko ubonisa lokho Inyama eningi idliwa ezweni laseBasque (11,6% ephakeme), izinhlanzi eziningi (okungeziwe ngo-28,9%), ubisi olwengeziwe (u-20,7% ngaphezulu) futhi futhi izithelo ezintsha ezengeziwe (17,6%) nesinkwa (19,2%). Ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela nakho kuphezulu ngo-18,1%., futhi Amakhekhe, amakhekhe, amakhukhi kanye nezinhlamvu ziphakeme ngo-10,3%. ngokwesilinganiso saseSpain.
Ngokuphambene, umthamo we Iziphuzo ezibandayo namasoda aphansi ngo-40,4%. kunakulo lonke izwe, kanye nelinye la Ukudla okulungisiwe kwehle ngo-17,4%.Lokhu kuqhathanisa kuqinisa umqondo wokuthi, kokubili mayelana nezindleko kanye nenani, ubhasikidi wokuthenga we-Basque ugxile kakhulu emikhiqizweni eyisisekelo futhi kancane ubheke iziphuzo ezibandayo kanye nokudla okulungele ukudliwa.
Umkhakha othuthuke kakhulu we-agri-food and hospitality
Le phethini yokusetshenziswa nokusetshenziswa kwemali yakhelwe ngaphakathi komongo lapho Izwe lase-Basque linomkhakha wokudla kwezolimo nokudoba odidiyelwe ngokuphawulekayoUkutholakala komkhiqizo kanye nesakhiwo sohwebo nakho kunomthelela ekutheni imali isetshenziswa kanjani futhi kuphi ekudleni.
Emkhakheni wokudoba, Imikhumbi ye-Basque Country ihlanganisa imikhumbi engu-190okungaba cishe 2,25% yenani likazwelonkeLokhu kulekelelwa inethiwekhi yebhizinisi eyenziwe Izinkampani zokudla kwezolimo eziyi-1.277, okusukela ekucutshungulweni kwenyama nemikhiqizo yobisi kuya embonini yokufaka amathini noma yewayini.
Ekusabalaliseni okudayisa, Izwe laseBasque linezikhungo eziyi-5.785 ezisebenza ngokudla neziphuzo, ngaphezu kwalokho Izitolo ezinkulu eziyi-1.002 kanye nama-hypermarket angama-33Konke lokhu kuphelezelwa abanye Imisebenzi engama-550 yokuthengisa emigwaqweni neyemaketheemele cishe u-1,5% wesamba sezwe, futhi okusasele kungumzila obalulekile wokuthenga umkhiqizo omusha komasipala abaningi.
Umkhakha wezihambi nawo unesisindo esikhulu: Umphakathi unezindawo zokudlela eziyi-4.257, 5,1% yenani likazwelonke, futhi Amabha angama-7.523, cishe ama-4,6% alawo akhona eSpainLesi simiso semvelo sezindawo zokucima ukoma, amathaveni nezindawo zokudlela sihambisana nesiko lendawo yokudlela futhi sineqhaza ekudleni, ngazo zonke izindlela, okudlala indima ebalulekile empilweni yezenhlalo nezomnotho yaleyo ndawo.
Kokuphelele, Inhlanganisela yomthengi ozimisele ukusebenzisa imali eyengeziwe ekudleni, uhla olubanzi kakhulu lwemikhiqizo kanye nomkhakha wokungenisa izihambi onamandla kudala indawo eyingqayizivele ngaphakathi komongo weSpanishi.Izwe lase-Basque alichithi nje kuphela ngokudla: liphinde libe nenethiwekhi ekhiqizayo neyentengiso esekela le mikhuba yokuthenga nokusebenzisa.
Ngayo yonke le datha esetafuleni, isithombe esivelayo ngesomphakathi lapho Ukudla kuthatha indawo yokuqala esabelweni sezimali nasempilweni yansuku zonkeImindeni yaseBasque isebenzisa imali eningi futhi idla nenani elikhulu lemikhiqizo eyisisekelo njengenyama, inhlanzi, ubisi, izithelo, imifino, isinkwa namafutha omnqumo, kuyilapho inciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kweziphuzo ezibandayo, amanzi asemabhodleleni, nokudla osekuphekiwe. Lokhu kulekelelwa umkhakha oqinile wokudla kwezolimo nowokungenisa izihambi, osekela futhi uqinise isiko lokupheka elinezimpande ezijulile lapho ikhwalithi nomkhiqizo kubaluleke kakhulu, into leyo, uma kubhekwa izibalo, isalokhu ingumehluko omkhulu uma iqhathaniswa nayo yonke iSpain.
