Izikhwama zabathengi seziqala ukuzwa ukuthi Intengo yamaqanda ikhuphuka kakhulu ESpain nasengxenyeni enkulu yeYurophu, okwakuyinto yokudla engabizi futhi etholakala yonke indawo kuze kube muva nje esitokweni sokuthenga sekuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni kwezindleko zezitolo ezinkulu, njengoba ukwenyuka kwentengo kudlula kakhulu ukwenyuka kwentengo okuvamile.
Ngemuva kwalesi simo akukho imbangela eyodwa, kodwa kukhona inhlanganisela yezici: Ukucindezeleka kwezempilo okubangelwa umkhuhlane wezinyoni, ukwehla kwenani lezinkukhu ezizalela amaqanda, izindleko zokukhiqiza ezikhuphukayo kanye nesidingo esikhuluKonke lokhu sekuvele kubonakala ku-Consumer Price Index (CPI) kanye nasezibalo zoMnyango Wezolimo, eziqinisekisa ukwenyuka okukhulu kwentengo yamaqanda nemikhiqizo lapho eyisithako esiyinhloko khona.
I-CPI iqinisekisa ukunyuka kwentengo yamaqanda ebhasikidini lokuthenga
Imininingwane yakamuva evela ku-National Institute of Statistics ikhombisa ukuthi Ukudla kanye neziphuzo ezingezona utshwala kukhuphuka ngo-2,8% minyaka yonke kanye no-0,3% uma kuqhathaniswa nenyanga edlule. Kuleli qembu, amaqanda, kanye nobisi, ushizi, nenyama, kuphakathi kwemikhiqizo enegalelo elikhulu ekukhuphukeni kwenkomba, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ingcindezi kwisabelomali semindeni isalokhu iphezulu.
Kulesi simo, i Intengo yamaqanda iqinisa ukuthambekela okucacile kokwenyuka kwamanani.Ukuqhathaniswa kwanyanga zonke kubonisa ukwenyuka kwentengo cishe ngo-7% wamaqanda, ukwenyuka okukhulu kakhulu kunalokho okubonakala kwezinye izinto zokudla. Ngamanye amazwi, ngenkathi intengo iyonke yebhasikidi lokudla ikhuphuka ngesivinini esimaphakathi, intengo yamaqanda ikhuphuka ngokushesha okukhulu, okunyusa ngqo izindleko zokupheka eziningi nemikhiqizo elungisiwe.
Umehluko phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo zokudla uyamangalisa: ezinyangeni eziyishumi nambili ezedlule, Ushukela namazambane sekuye kwabiza kakhuluFuthi ngenyanga edlule, ukwehla kwentengo kubhalwe phansi kwemifino emisha, izithelo, inhlanzi kanye nengulube. Kodwa-ke, Amaqanda ayaqhubeka nokwenyukaLokhu kukhombisa ukuthi inkinga yabo ayibangelwa nje kuphela ukukhuphuka kwentengo okuvamile, kodwa futhi ibangelwa yizici ezithile kakhulu emkhakheni wezinkukhu.
Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi lapho I-CPI iyonke icishe ibe ngu-3%. Ukwehla kwamandla emali unyaka nonyaka kanye nokwehla kwamandla emali okuyinhloko, okungabandakanyi amandla nokudla okusha, kuzungeze u-2,6%. Ngenkathi amanani emali ephansi ngenxa yezindleko zikagesi eziphansi, amanani okudla acindezelwa yimikhiqizo efana namaqanda, enyusa izindleko zokudla isonto nesonto.
Umkhuhlane wezinyoni kanye nokuvalelwa kwezinkukhu: indlela okunikezwa ngayo amaqanda okunzima ngayo
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zokuqonda ukuthi kungani Intengo yamaqanda ikhuphuke kakhulu. Lesi yisimo sezempilo samanje emkhakheni wezinkukhu. Kusukela ekwindla edlule, uMnyango Wezolimo uyalele ukuthi ukuvalelwa kwazo zonke izinkukhu ESpain, lokhu kwasetshenziswa njengendlela yokuvikela umkhuhlane wezinyoni. Lokho okwakuhloswe ekuqaleni njengesixazululo sesikhashana sekuyinkinga ende, lapho izinkukhu ezizalelayo ziphoqeleka ukuhlala endlini.
Lokhu kuvinjelwa okubanzi kwaqalwa ngemuva kokutholakala kwe- Ukuqubuka okuningana komkhuhlane wezinyoni emapulazini ezinkukhu Njengoba zisakazeke kulo lonke izwe, kuye kwaqoshwa amacala afinyelela ku-14 ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva esemthethweni. Nakuba uMnyango uqinisekisa ukuthi lesi sifo Kulawulwa Futhi nakuba imikhawulo ethile isisusiwe kakade ezindaweni ezifana neValladolid, kuqashelwa kakhulu mayelana nokuba khona kwamacala ezinyonini zasendle.
Umthelela emakethe yamaqanda uqondile. Izinyathelo zomkhuhlane wezinyoni kanye nokuphepha kwezinto eziphilayo ziye ukubalwa kwezinkukhu ezizalelayo kunemibandelaukunciphisa ukutholakala kwezinyoni. Ukuncipha kwezinyoni ezikhiqizwayo kusho amaqanda ambalwa emakethe, futhi esimweni sokufunwa okuzinzile noma okukhulayo, amanani akhuphuka ngokushesha.
Iziphathimandla zigcizelela isidingo soku Ungaphumuli ukuqapha futhi kugcinwe izindlela zokuvikela eziqinisiwe kuwo wonke amapulazi: ukulawula ukufinyelela, ukuhlanza okuqinile, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinkukhu nezilwane zasendle, kanye nezinqubo zokwenza uma kukhona okusolisayo. Esikhathini esifushane, lezi zidingo zihilela izindleko eziphakeme kubakhiqizi, ezidluliselwa kancane emananini okugcina.
Amaqanda abiza kakhulu ngo-30%: lokho umthengi asevele ekukhokha
Ukuhlanganiswa kwabantu abambalwa, izindleko ezengeziwe zokuphepha kwezinto eziphilayo, kanye nokucindezeleka kwesidingo kuholele ekutheni amaqanda ayishumi nambili abiza cishe u-30% ngaphezulu ngaphezu konyaka odlule eSpain. Lokhu kubhekisela, okuxoxwe ngakho etafuleni lomkhakha wezinkukhu lokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda nenyama, kubeka izinombolo emzwelweni obonwa yimindeni eminingi lapho iya ekukhokheni.
Kwezinye izimakethe zezinhlanzi kanye nezimakethe ezilinganiselwe, ukwanda kuyabonakala nakakhulu. Imibiko yakamuva ikhombisa ukuthi intengo yeqanda elikhulu Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa nje, intengo ikhuphuke isuka ku-€2 ngeshumi nambili yaya cishe ku-€2,70, okubonisa ukwanda okungaba ngu-25-30%. Lokhu kuyizinto eziphawulekayo zento eyisisekelo futhi ethengwa njalo.
Imboni yokudla nayo izwa imiphumela yokwanda kwalokhu. Okumhlophe kweqanda, okusetshenziswa kabanzi kumakhekhe, amakhekhe namaswidi Ngokwesiko, intengo yamaqanda ikhuphuke kakhulu. Okunye ukuhlaziya kubonisa ukuthi izindleko zawo zikhuphuke cishe ngo-50% ezinyangeni eziyisithupha nje, okuhlanganisa ukwenyuka kwentengo yamaqanda amasha nokwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ecutshungulwayo.
Ngokombono wabakhiqizi, lokhu kukhuphuka kwentengo kuza ngemuva kwesikhathi semingcele emincane futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi, naphezu komongo wezempilo, Umkhakha wezinkukhu wokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda nenyama ugcina indawo eqinile. ngaphakathi komkhakha wezilwane zaseSpain. Ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwenkukhu namaqanda kusebenze kahle kakhulu, okubonisa amandla nokuncintisana kwala mapulazi emakethe yaseYurophu.
IYurophu kanye nokuhwebelana kwamazwe ngamazwe: imakethe eqashelwa kakhulu
Isimo ngamaqanda asinakuqondwa ngaphakathi kwemingcele yaseSpain kuphela. Ezingeni laseYurophu, umkhuhlane wezinyoni kanye Izivumelwano zokuhweba ze-European Union Namazwe angaphandle, nawo athinta ibhalansi phakathi kokunikezwa kanye nesidingo. Uhulumeni usebenza ku- umbiko wokuzisholo wezwe elingenayo i-avian influenza ukuze ikwethule kwiNhlangano Yomhlaba Yezempilo Yezilwane, ngenhloso yokwenza kube lula ukuhwebelana namazwe angewona awe-EU lapho isimo se-epidemiological sivuma.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izingxoxo kanye nokubuyekezwa kwezivumelwano nezifunda ezifana I-Ukraine noma i-Mercosur Ngokusho koMnyango Wezolimo, lokhu kufaka phakathi izigaba zokuvikela ezenzelwe vikela imikhakha ebucayi njengokulima izinkukhuLezi izindlela ezifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuncintisana okulungile nokuvimbela ukungeniswa okukhulu, okunentengo ephansi ekuphazamiseni inzuzo yamapulazi aseYurophu.
Lokhu kulinganisela kubucayi: ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimakethe zakwamanye amazwe ezivulekile Ivumela ukukhishwa kwezinto ezisele uma zikhona futhi ihlukanisa izindawo zabakhiqizi; ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuvuleka ngokweqile ngaphandle kokulawula kungafaka ingcindezi ephansi emananini epulazini lapho abalimi bebhekene nezindleko eziphakeme zokudla, amandla kanye nezinyathelo zokuhlanzeka.
Ngokuhambisanayo, i- imithetho emisha yokumaketha amaqanda I-EU iyathuthuka ekulandeleni nasekubonakaleni kwemakethe. Iphakheji ngayinye kumele inikeze ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nohlobo lokulima, imvelaphi, kanye nezimo zokukhiqiza, ezingathonya izinqumo zokuthenga, futhi ekugcineni, intengo ekhokhwa ngabathengi baseYurophu.
Kusukela epulazini kuya etafuleni: indlela amaqanda abizayo akhuphula ngayo intengo yokunye ukudla
Ukwenyuka kwentengo yamaqanda akugcini esigabeni semikhiqizo emisha. Imikhiqizo eminingi ecutshunguliwe nekhiqizwe incike emaqandeni. Amaqanda ayizithako eziyinhloko kukho konke kusukela ku-mayonnaise, amasoso, ama-pastries, i-pasta entsha, nezinto ezifakwe isinkwa kuya kumaswidi esizini afana ne-nougat. Lapho intengo yamaqanda ikhuphuka, izindleko zalokhu kudla zivame ukuhambisana, yize ngezinye izikhathi kuba nokulibaziseka okuncane.
Kwenyama, izibalo ze-CPI zibonisa ukuthi Amanani enyama yenkomo akhuphuke kakhulungokunyuka kwamadijithi amabili kwezinye iziqhathaniso zonyaka nonyaka. Nakuba lokhu kuhamba kusabela ezicini eziningi (ukudla, amandla, izinto ezisetshenziswayo), ukwanda okuvamile kwezindleko zokufakwa kwemfuyo, okuhlanganisa namaqanda ezigabeni ezithile zokukhiqiza, kunegalelo ekucindezelekeni okuphezulu kulo lonke uchungechunge lokudla.
Idatha iphinde iveze ukuthi Amafutha namafutha abika ukwenyuka kwanyanga zonke okungaphezu kuka-2%Lokhu, kanye nentengo ekhuphukayo yamaqanda, kwenza ukudla kwansuku zonke njengokudla okuthosiwe, izinto ezifakwe isinkwa, kanye nama-pastry enziwe ekhaya kubize kakhulu. Emindenini, lokhu kusho ukuthi izindlela zokupheka eziningi zendabuko, ezazibonakala "zingabizi," azisabizi kakhulu njengoba zazinjalo ngaphambili.
Okwamanje, eminye imikhiqizo eyisisekelo ikhombisa ukuthambekela okuhle kakhulu kumthengi. Ushukela namazambane kwehle ngentengo ngonyaka odluleFuthi izithelo ezithile, imifino emisha, kanye nenyama ethile kuye kwabona ukwehla kwentengo yanyanga zonke. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kokwehla kwentengo ngezikhathi ezithile kanye nokwenyuka okukhulu kokunye ukudla kudweba isithombe lapho ukuhlela ukuthenga ngokucophelela kanye nokuqhathaniswa kwentengo kuba yinto ebalulekile.
Nakho konke Iqanda lithatha isiteji esiphakathi: ukudla okuyingxenye yesisekelo sokudla kwaseMedithera, okutholakala ekudleni kwasekuseni, kwasemini nakusihlwa, futhi okuthi, njengoba kubiza kakhulu, kuphoqe imindeni eminingi ukuthi icabange kabusha ngemikhiqizo ethengayo kanye nemvamisa abayidla ngayo.
Ukwenyuka kwamanani amaqanda sekuphenduke uphawu indlela inhlanganisela yezempilo, ukukhiqiza, kanye nezici zezentengiselwano ezingayihumushela ngayo ngokushesha enqoleni yokuthenga: kusukela ebhokisini elilula lamaqanda kuya kumaswidi kaKhisimusi, okuhlanganisa inyama, amasoso, kanye nezitsha ezilungisiwe, umthengi uthola ukuthi lokho okwakukhona “okutholakala kalula” manje sekukhona Kubaluleke kakhulu kumthetho wokugcina..