Ngemuva kweminyaka engaphezu kwemibili nezigameko eziphansi, umkhuhlane wezinyoni ubuyele eSpain ne-subtype H5N1. Iziphathimandla zikuqinisekisile ukuqubuka namacala emiphakathini eyahlukene, ngokuqapha okukhethekile I-Castile-La Mancha, i-Castile ne-León, i-Extremadura ne-Andalusia, futhi bacele ukuthi kwandiswe izinyathelo zokuqapha nokulawula emapulazini.
Ukuvuselelwa kwaboshwa kusukela ngoJulayi ezindaweni eziningana: ipulazi lama-turkey e-Ahillones (Badajoz), ukutholwa kwezinyoni zasendle e-Corte de Peleas (Badajoz) nase-El Casar de Cáceres (Cáceres), kanye nesiqephu esifanele e-Pozo de Guadalajara (Guadalajara), lapho ukuhlatshwa kwezinkukhu ezingaphezu kuka-37.000I-rebound isho ukulahlekelwa isimo sokuthi izwe elingenawo umkhuhlane wezinyoni.
Imephu yokuqubuka okusebenzayo
Ngokwe-balance sheet esemthethweni yakamuva, zikhona 4 ukuqubuka kwezinkukhu (eyodwa e-Extremadura, amabili eCastilla-La Mancha futhi eyodwa e-Andalusia), ngaphezu kwalokho 1 ukuqubuka kwezinyoni ezithunjiwe Ezweni laseBasqueNgokuhambisanayo, ziqinisekisiwe amacala angaphezu kwamashumi amathathu ezinyoni zasendle isatshalaliswa kulo lonke elase-Extremadura, eCastile naseLeón, eGalicia, e-Asturias, e-Basque Country, eCatalonia nase-Andalusia.
I-Andalusia ivela njengenye yezindawo ezinomsebenzi wakamuva omkhulu kakhulu, okuthile okunengqondo ngenxa yendima yayo njenge iphuzu eliyinhloko kumzila wokufuduka yezinkulungwane zezinyoni. Esifundazweni se Sevilla Sekuhlonziwe ukuqubuka kwezifo eziningana, futhi izivumelwano ezithile zenziwe zasebenza ukuze omasipala bandise ukubhekwa.
Ukunakwa nakho kugxile ku- Indawo Yemvelo yaseDoñana, lapho ukuqapha kanye nokungenelela kokuvimbela kuye kwaqiniswa kulandela ukutholwa kwamacala endaweni yayo yethonya. Inhloso ukunciphisa ukuthintana phakathi kwezinyoni ezifuywayo kanye nezasendle futhi uvimbele igciwane ukuthi libambe ngesikhathi sezintaba ezifudukayo, lapho ingozi iphezulu kakhulu. okuphezulu kakhulu.
Enhloko-dolobha yase-Andalusi zisetshenzisiwe ukuvalwa kokuvimbela emapaki amaningana ukuze kube lula ukuhlolwa kanye nokubulala amagciwane: iMarÃa Luisa Park, iTamarguillo Park, iMiraflores Park kanye izingadi zase-AlcázarIzinsizakalo zikamasipala zisusa izibonelo ezifile ukuze zihlaziywe futhi ziqinise ukuhlanzwa emanzini.
Yini i-H5N1 i-avian flu?
Umkhuhlane wezinyoni yi-a izifo ezithathelwanayo okubangelwa amagciwane omkhuhlane ahlasela izinyoni ngokuyinhloko futhi osekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu aziwa. Kusukela 2003, uhlobo oluncane lwe-H5N1 lubangele ukuqubuka okuphindelelayo emazwenikazi ahlukene, okunomthelela kukho kokubili izinyoni zasendle kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinkukhu.
Ukuba sengozini kuyehluka phakathi kwezinhlobo: i-gallinaceous (ezifana nezinkukhu nama-turkeys) zivame ukuhlushwa izimo ezimbi kakhulu, kuyilapho eziningi amadada (amadada, amahansi noma amadada) angasebenza njengabathwali futhi enze kube lula ukusabalala kwegciwane ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu eziqinile.
Idluliselwa kanjani phakathi kwezinyoni nabantu
Uma selingenile epulazini, leli gciwane lisakazwa ngendle kanye nokuphuma kokuphefumula thintana ngqo phakathi kwezinyoni, ngamanzi angcolile noma ukudla, izinto kanye nezimoto, izingubo zokusebenza nezicathulo futhi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, indizaI-Biosecurity ibalulekile ekunqamuleni le mizila.
Ukugxumela kubantu okungajwayelekile futhi uma kwenzeka, ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa ne-a osondelene kakhulu kanye nokuchayeka isikhathi eside ezinyonini ezigulayo noma izinsalela zazo. Labo abasengozini enkulu yilabo abasebenza emapulazini noma abalawula ukuqubuka kwezifo. Iziphathimandla zisikhumbuza ukuthi igciwane Ayisakazwa ngokusetshenziswa yezinkukhu eziphekwe kahle, amaqanda noma imikhiqizo egayiwe.
Izimpawu kanye nesikhathi sokutheleleka
Ezinyonini, ukubonakaliswa komtholampilo kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo nezinhlobo, kodwa kungase kuvezwe ngokunganaki, ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula, nokufa okuphezulu. Isikhathi se-incubation ngokuvamile siyizinsuku ezi-2 futhi iningi labalimale ligxile phakathi kwe Izinsuku eziyi-3 nezingama-5, ngezinye izikhathi ngaphandle kwezilonda ezicacile ze-macroscopic.
Kubantu, izimpawu zifana nalezo zomkhuhlane wesizini: imfiva, ukukhwehlela, umphimbo obuhlungu, i-rhinorrhea, i-myalgia noma ikhanda, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlanza noma isifo sohudoAbukho ubufakazi bokudluliselwa okuqhubekayo komuntu kuye komuntu kulokhu kuqubuka kwamanje.
Izinyathelo zokulawula nezincomo
UMnyango wezoLimo unxusa ukuthi kugcinwe futhi kuqiniswe i izinyathelo ze-biosecurity emapulazini: vimbela ukuthintana nezinyoni zasendle, vikela amanzi kanye nokudla, bulala amagciwane amathuluzi nezimoto, futhi uqinise izingubo, izicathulo kanye nemithetho yenhlanzeko. ukuhlanza zabasebenzi.
Uma izinyoni ezigulayo noma ezifile zitholakala endle, okufanele kwenziwe ungathinti noma uguqule izibonelo futhi wazise izinsizakalo ezifanele. Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ezinamapaki namachibi, kunconywa ukugwema ukuthintana okungadingekile nezinyoni nezilwane ezifuywayo, futhi uhloniphe amapherimitha okuphepha uma bemakwa.
Umthelela emkhakheni kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo
Emkhakheni okhiqizayo, ama-spotlights abangela imihlatshelo eyisibopho kanye nemikhawulo yokuhweba, njenge ukumiswa kokungeniswa ngaphandle kwe-Huelva, okulimaza i iketango lezinkukhuIzigameko zakamuva zifaka ipulazi eliseGuadalajara elinezinkulungwane zezinkukhu ezithintekile, kanye namapulazi ase-Extremadura naseCastilla-La Mancha.
Ngokwemvelo, kukhona ukukhathazeka mayelana nomphumela izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi zamasu njengeDoñana, ngeqhaza layo emizileni efudukayo. Amaqembu esayensi ahamba phambili asebenza ekuhlolweni kwezinhlobo ezibucayi; phakathi kweziqashwe kakhulu ijazi elinezimpondo, i idada elinekhanda elimhlophe noma itiye elimabula, konke kuhlotshaniswa nemvelo yasemanzini.
Isimo sithuthuka ngokushesha futhi sidinga ukuqonda, kodwa isigijimi esivela kuziphathimandla sicacile: the ingozi emphakathini jikelele Iphansi, futhi okhiye bahlanganisa ukuphepha kwemvelo emapulazini, ukuqapha izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi, nokugwema ukuthintana ngqo nezinyoni ezigulayo noma ezifile; abukho ubungozi bokudla kwenkukhu okuphekwe kahle.
