Ukuchitha isikhathi udlala noma wenza imidlalo ngaphandle kwekhaya akusizi nje kuphela izingane ukuthi zinyakaze kakhulu: ngokusho kocwaningo lwamuva, nikela okungenani amahora ayisikhombisa ngesonto ukuze imisebenzi yangaphandle Kuhlotshaniswa nengxenye yengozi yokuthola i-myopia. uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abachitha isikhathi sabo esiningi endlini. Lokhu okutholakele kuqinisa umqondo wokuthi ukukhanya kwemvelo kuyisici esibalulekile empilweni yokubona yezingane.
Umsebenzi, owenziwe yi- UMnyango Wezokwelapha Amehlo e-University Clinic yaseNavarra kubafundi abavela eMphakathini waseMadridLolu cwaningo lubala umkhuba obangela ukukhathazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu: ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwe-myopia yezingane, okuhambisana nokwanda kwesikhathi sokubuka isikrini kanye nemisebenzi yokuzilibazisa yangaphakathi. Imiphumela ibhekwe njengefanele kakhulu ekuqondiseni izinqubomgomo zokuvimbela kanye nezincomo zemindeni nezikole.
Ucwaningo lwezingane zesikole ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili ezivela eMadrid
Uphenyo luhlaziywe Izingane zesikole ezingu-2.262 ezivela ezikhungweni zemfundo ezahlukene eMphakathini waseMadrid, ngokubambisana ne-Spanish Association of High Myopia with Retinopathy (AMIRES). Bonke abahlanganyeli bahlolwe amehlo ukuze kulinganiswe amaphutha okusabela kokubona futhi baphendula imibuzo mayelana nomlando womndeni kanye nemikhuba yokuphila, okuhlanganisa nenani lamahora abawachitha ngaphandle isonto ngalinye.
Lapho kuqhathaniswa idatha, ithimba laphawula ukuthi Iqembu lezingane ezazichitha amahora angaphezu kwayisikhombisa ngesonto ngaphandle zazinezinga elingu-9% le-myopia.Phakathi kwalabo abachitha isikhathi esiningi endlini, iphesenti lenyuke laya ku-18%. Ngamanye amazwi, inani lezingane ezinalesi simo sokungaboni kahle liphindwe kabili kulabo ababengathintani kangako nokukhanya kwemvelo.
UDkt. Sergio Recalde, umcwaningi e-Experimental Ophthalmology Laboratory yase-University Clinic yaseNavarra, uphawula ukuthi Lo mehluko ka-9% uma kuqhathaniswa no-18% usenza sikwazi ukukhuluma ngokuncipha cishe okungu-50% kwengozi ye-myopia. okuhambisana nesikhathi esichithwa ngaphandle. Kubabhali, lokhu kuwubudlelwano obuqhubekayo phakathi kwezici zemvelo ezihlaziyiwe.
Imibuzo iphinde yaqoqa ulwazi mayelana nesimo somndeni kanye nemikhuba yansuku zonke, okusivumele ukuthi siqinisekise ukuthi Ukuncipha kwesikhathi esichithwa ngaphandle kuhlotshaniswa njalo nokwanda kwe-myopia.Esimweni lapho izikrini kanye nokuzilibazisa kokungahlali ndawonye kuyanda khona, lolu lwazi luba nokubaluleka okukhethekile kubantwana baseSpain nabaseYurophu.
Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa okubonakalayo kanye nemibuzo, ithimba lalifuna ukufaka isilinganiso esiqondile sokuchayeka elangeni langempela, ngale kwalokho imindeni engase ikukhumbule noma ikulinganisele. Ukuze bafeze lokhu, basebenzise ubuchwepheshe obuthola ukuthandwa kancane kancane ocwaningweni lwezokwelapha amehlo.
I-CUVAF: "uphawu lwelanga" olwembula ukuthi iso lithola ukukhanya okungakanani
Kusampula encane ye I-ultraviolet conjunctival autofluorescence ilinganiswe ezinganeni ezingu-1.129.Le pharamitha yaziwa ngesifinyezo sayo esithi CUVAF. Lesi sibonakaliso sisebenza njengohlobo "lweminwe yelanga" ebusweni beso, esikwazi ukukhombisa isikhathi sokuchayeka esiqongelelwe ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet okuvela ngaphandle.
Ngokusho kwababhali balolu cwaningo, i-CUVAF iziveze njenge i-biomarker enenjongo, esheshayo, engahlaseli futhi ewusizo yokulinganisa ukwanda kokukhanya kwangaphandle ebuntwaneniInzuzo yayo eyinhloko ukuthi ayixhomekile enkumbulweni yabazali noma yezingane, kodwa ezinguqukweni ezilinganiswa ngqo ezicutshini zamehlo, okwenza kube mnandi kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokuhlola nokuvimbela.
UDkt. Miriam de la Puente, uchwepheshe wezifo zamehlo e-ClÃnica Universidad de Navarra, ubonisa ukuthi lesi sibonakaliso sezinto eziphilayo Kubonakala kaningi futhi kunamandla ezinganeni ezichitha amahora amaningi elangeni.Ukuhlaziywa kukhombisa ukuthi kukhona ubudlelwano obuphambene: uma unyawo lwe-CUVAF luphawuleka kakhulu, kulapho amathuba okuba ingane ibe ne-myopia ephansi khona ancipha khona.
Lokhu kuziphatha okuphambene kwenza i-CUVAF ithuluzi elithembisayo lokuhlonza kusenesikhathi izingane ezisengozini enkulu yokuthola i-myopia kanye nokuhlola, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuthi izincomo zokuchitha isikhathi esiningi ngaphandle ziyalandelwa yini. Ngale ndlela, ochwepheshe bezempilo bangenza kangcono iseluleko sokuvimbela kanye nokulandelela isiguli ngasinye.
Imiphumela yokuqala evela kweminye imisebenzi yezemfundo ehlobene ne-University of Navarra nayo iphakamisa ukuthi I-CUVAF ingahlotshaniswa nezici zendlela yokuphila ngale kwempilo yokubonaLokhu kuvula umnyango wocwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo mayelana nokusebenza kwalo kweminye imikhakha.
Izinzuzo eziningi kunokubona: indlela yokuphila kanye nempilo iyonke
Ucwaningo olwengeziwe olushiwo yithimba laseNavarra lusikisela ukuthi abantu abane- Labo abane-CUVAF footprint ephezulu bavame ukuba ne-fat index ephansi emzimbeni kanye nezinkomba ezithuthukisiwe ezinguqukweni ezifana nekhwalithi yokulala kanye nomthamo wememori. Le datha, nakuba iseseyiyo yokuqala, isekela umbono wokuthi indlela yokuphila yangaphandle esebenzayo inethonya elihle ezicini ezahlukene zempilo.
Ngakho-ke, ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi udlala epaki, ukuzijwayeza ezemidlalo ezindaweni zokudlala zesikole, noma ukuzibandakanya emisebenzini yokuzilibazisa ezindaweni ezivulekile kungahumushi hhayi nje kuphela ingozi encane ye-myopia, kodwa futhi naku-a ukuqina komzimba okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokulala ebusuku okungconoUkukhanya kwemvelo kanye nokunyakaza kubonakala kusebenza ndawonye njengezinto ezivikela ezinkingeni eziningana zempilo.
Ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukuthi lokhu okutholakele kusekela isincomo sokuthi Bonke abantu, ikakhulukazi izingane, kufanele bahlanganise imisebenzi yangaphandle njalo ohlelweni lwabo lwamasonto onke.Esimweni saseYurophu lapho izindlela zokuphila zokungahlali phansi kanye nokusetshenziswa kakhulu kwamadivayisi kagesi kusakazeke khona, lesi sinyathelo singaba lula kakhulu ukusisebenzisa futhi sibe nomthelela omkhulu.
Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe bagcizelela nokubaluleka kokugcina imikhuba efanele yokuvikela ilangaLokhu kuhlanganisa ukugqoka isigqoko noma ikepisi, izibuko zelanga eziqinisekisiwe, kanye ne-sunscreen, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zasemini. Isihluthulelo ukuthola ibhalansi ekuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izinzuzo zokukhanya kwemvelo ngenkathi unciphisa izingozi ezihambisana nokuchayeka ngokweqile.
Abalobi balolu cwaningo bagcizelela ukuthi lolu lwazi akufanele luhunyushwe njengesimemo sokunganaki ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela, kodwa kunalokho njengesimemo Lena enye futhi impikiswano yokukhuthaza indlela yokuphila yokungahlali phansi kwezingane, ehlobene kakhulu nokuphila ngaphandle.kokubili emndenini nasesikoleni.
Inkinga ekhulayo: i-myopia ezinganeni nakubantu abasha
Umsebenzi we-University Clinic yaseNavarra uhlelwe ngaphansi komongo okhathazayo: I-myopia yobuntwana iyanda kakhulu eSpain nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophuIzifundo ezahlukahlukene, njengedatha eqoqwe kuma-barometer athile e-myopia, zibonisa ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yezingane ezifunda esikoleni kakade zinalesi sici sokubona.
Eqenjini leminyaka yesikole samabanga aphansi, kulinganiselwa ukuthi Cishe ingane eyodwa kwezinhlanu ingase ibone eduzeNakuba phakathi kwabantu abasha izibalo ziphakeme nakakhulu. Izici ezinjengokwanda komsebenzi oseduze, ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwesikrini, kanye nokunciphisa ukudlala ngaphandle ezindaweni zemvelo zibhekwa njengezimbangela zalokhu kukhula.
UDkt. Sergio Recalde uveza ukuthi, phakathi kwezici zemvelo, Ukuncipha komsebenzi wangaphandle kuye kwahlotshaniswa njalo nokwanda kwenani le-myopia.Lokhu kusho ukuthi, nakuba izakhi zofuzo zisadlala indima ebalulekile, indawo ezungezile kanye nemikhuba yansuku zonke kungenza isikali sibe sengozini enkulu noma encane yokuthuthukisa inkinga.
Umkhuba wezokwelapha ubonisa ukuthi I-Myopia ebonakala isencane ivame ukuthuthuka ngokushesha okukhuluLokhu kwandisa ingozi yokuthi, lapho umuntu esemdala, isiguli sizoba nemithi eminingi ehambisana nezinkinga ezinkulu zamehlo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukuthi ukuvimbela ngesikhathi sobuntwana kubalulekile.
Umyalezo othunyelwa odokotela bamehlo emindenini yaseYurophu ucacile: Akukhona nje kuphela ukukhawulela isikhathi sesikrini, kodwa futhi nokuqinisekisa inani elincane lamahora asezingeni eliphezulu okudlala ngaphandle isonto ngalinye.Amahora ayisikhombisa aphakanyisiwe yilolu cwaningo njengereferensi angahlukaniswa ngezigaba ukuhamba nsuku zonkeimidlalo yesikole, uhambo lwangempelasonto, noma ukudlala nje epaki.
Indlela imindeni nezikole ezingasiza ngayo
Ngenxa yalesi simo, ochwepheshe bezempilo yokubona batusa ukuthi amakhaya nezikole zifake izinguquko ezilula kodwa eziqhubekayo ekuhleleni isikhathi sezinganeEsinye sezinyathelo eziqondile kakhulu ukubeka phambili imisebenzi yangaphandle kunezinye izindlela zokuzilibazisa zangaphakathi.
Emndenini, kunconywa ukuhlela ukuphuma njalo emapaki, ezindaweni eziluhlaza noma ezindaweni zemidlaloNciphisa isikhathi sokubuka isikrini ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-intanethi futhi ukhuthaze imidlalo ehilela ukunyakaza kanye nokuchayeka emini. Lezi akuzona izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa kunezindlela zokufaka kancane kancane lezi zinqubo empilweni yakho yansuku zonke.
Ezikoleni, abacwaningi bakhomba ukubaluleka kokuthi gcina futhi, lapho kungenzeka, wandise ukuzijabulisa kwangaphandlekanye nokukhuthaza amakilasi ezemidlalo noma imisebenzi ezindaweni zokudlala zangaphandle nasemasimini. Lezi zinqumo zokuhlela zingasiza izingane ukuthi ziqoqe amahora okuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwemvelo okucwaninga okuhlobanisa nengozi ephansi ye-myopia.
Ochwepheshe bagcizelela nendima yokuhlolwa njalo: Kunconywa ukuthi izingane zihlolwe amehlo njaloikakhulukazi uma kunomlando womndeni we-myopia noma uma kutholakala izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezifana nokungaboni kahle ebhodini, ikhanda elibuhlungu ekupheleni kosuku, noma isidingo sokusondela kakhulu ezintweni.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe Imikhuba yokuvimbela, isikhathi esanele sokuphuma ngaphandle, kanye nokuxilongwa kusenesikhathi Lokhu kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwempilo yokubona yezingane eSpain nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, lapho ukwanda kwe-myopia kuqhubeka nokukhula khona.
Izimpawu zokuqala ze-myopia ebuntwaneni
Ukuthola i-myopia kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi ingaqashelwa iminyaka eminingi. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi abazali nothisha baqaphele. ukuziphatha okuthile okungase kubonise ubunzima bokubona kudeikakhulukazi ezinganeni eziseminyakeni yesikole.
Phakathi kwezimpawu ezivame kakhulu yilezi umbono ofiphele lapho ubheka izinto ezikudeIsibonelo, ibhodi elimnyama ekilasini noma izimpawu emgwaqweni, kanye nokuthambekela kokusondela kakhulu ezincwadini, kumathebhulethi, noma ezincwadini zamabhuku ukuze ufunde ngokukhululeka. Ikhanda lingase livele nangemva kwezinkathi zokucindezeleka isikhathi eside kwamehlo.
Esinye isibonakaliso esivamile ukuthi ingane encane ukufiphaza noma ukucwayiza kaningi kunokujwayelekile lapho uzama ukugxila ezintweni ezikude, noma ubonisa izimpawu zokucindezeleka kwamehlo ekupheleni kosuku. Lezi zimpawu akulula ukuzibona ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa kuyalulekwa ukuthi uthintane nochwepheshe uma zenzeka njalo.
Kulesi simo samanje, lapho umsebenzi wesikole kanye nokuzilibazisa kwedijithali kuthatha amahora amaningi, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu imisebenzi ehlukene eduze amakhefu okubona kanye nokuvezwa ekukhanyeni kwemveloUkuphumula okufushane ukuze ubheke i-patio, ubheke kude, noma uhambe ngezinyawo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka kwamehlo okunqwabelene.
Ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukuthi, uma ungabaza, inkambo ehlakaniphile kakhulu yesenzo cela ukuhlolwa kwamehlo ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembileUkulawula ngesikhathi kuvumela ukulungiswa kwamaphutha okwelapha ukuvuvukala kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamasu asiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka kwe-myopia, ikakhulukazi ezimweni eziqala esemncane kakhulu.
Lonke lolu lwazi lubeka isikhathi esichithwa ngaphandle njengendlela ebalulekile yokuvimbela. Idatha evela eNyuvesi yaseNavarra Clinic, esekelwe ezinkulungwaneni zezingane zesikole eMadrid, isekela umbono wokuthi Ukuguqulwa okulula kwemisebenzi yamasonto onke—ukuqinisekisa okungenani amahora ayisikhombisa emisebenzi yangaphandle—kunganciphisa ngesigamu ingozi ye-myopia yobuntwana.ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa indlela yokuphila esebenzayo nenempilo yezingane nemindeni yazo.
